A Clustered PD-NOMA in an Ultra-Dense Heterogeneous Network with Improved System Capacity and Throughput

In the current era of exponentially growing demand for user connectivity, spectral efficiency (SE), and high throughput, performance goals have become even more challenging in ultra-dense 5G networks. The conventional orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) tech-niques are mature but not proven sufficient to address data rates increased capacity. Therefore, achieve an improved throughput network with expanded capacity, unified non-orthogonal (NOMA) technique is considered be a promising effective solution. Throughput can im-proved by implementing PD-NOMA, as interference managed successive inter-ference cancellation (SIC) technique, issue complexity capacity compromised rate persists. This study implements clustered PD-NOMA algorithm enhance association managing users clusters fewer per cluster implementation cooperative within clusters. this study, we enhanced ultimately sum rate, system heterogeneous (HetNet). By imple-menting proposed scheme, has 23% when compared scheme 65% OFDMA varied number randomly deployed users, along improvement 8% almost 80% multi-tier network. Thus, achieved outperforming